Construction and Industry

M.K. Beton and Prefabricated Concrete Industry

Memar 05 · Summer 1999

The architectural base or reference grid for the design of living spaces is M = 900 millimetres. The articulation of architectural modules is carried out on the basis of optimized catalogues of micro-scale, mid-scale, and macro dimensions. Architectural modules for housing in Tehran or in other parts of the country, from small dwellings to large villas, are variable. All of these modules are multiples of the 900-millimetre base module (M = n × m) and have been selected after examining the preferential hierarchy of modular numbers in European countries, Japan, Eastern Europe, and the International Organization for Standardization. In this system, the preferential hierarchy of numbers that are primarily multiples of 2 from the series 1, 2, 3, and 5 has been employed, and numbers that have been common multiples in every forty have been selected. By utilizing the additive property of modules, harmonious and beautiful combinations can be achieved.

For the production of minimum housing as envisaged by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, architectural modules of 1,800, 2,700, and 3,600 millimetres can be used, and for parking in the lower floors of high-rise buildings, architectural modules of 5,400 and 6,300 millimetres can be employed.

In this design, in principle, the architectural module and the structural module are equal, and the dimension of the neutral module — which serves as the intermediary between two adjacent architectural modules — is 300 millimetres. The neutral module grid, positioned as two perpendiculars from right to left and from top to bottom on the drawing, marks the location for the placement of the structural components. The architectural modules that create the building spaces do not interfere with one another. For greater flexibility in architectural combinations and the necessary adaptability coefficient across different numbers of floors, three types of storey heights have been employed.

Common Components of the Structural System

The structural superstructure components are designed and manufactured from lightweight, flat concrete in modular dimensions. They are in L-shaped and T-shaped forms that serve as ties, providing the system’s various components with resistance, stability, and fulfilment of the requirements for the prevention of progressive collapse. The regulations and codes of practice current worldwide and the relevant requirements have been observed.

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